Medication swallowing difficulties in people without dysphagia
Dificuldades para engolir medicamentos em pessoas sem disfagia
Laís Flavia Souza; Weslania Viviane Nascimento; Leda Maria Tavares Alves; Ana Cristina Viana Silva; Rachel Aguiar Cassiani; Dauana Cassia Alves; Roberto Oliveira Dantas
Abstract
Objective: to assess the difficulty in swallowing medications and correlate it with age and gender in healthy adults and elderly.
Methods: a total of 439 asymptomatic healthy volunteers (270 females and 169 males), who were not taking any medication on a regular basis, aged from 20 to 84 years, were questioned as for dysphagia, by using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Question number five of the EAT-10, specifically, approached the difficulty in swallowing drugs, considering zero as "no swallowing problem" and 1 to 4 as "some degree of difficulty" (4 as great difficulty). The chi-square test (x2) was used for the statistical analysis.
Results: a total of 365 (83%) volunteers reported having no difficulty in swallowing medications (89% of men and 80% of women), whereas 74 (17%) reported some degree of difficulty (11% of men and 20% of women) (p = 0.01). These represented 20% of those aged between 20 and 49, and 9% of those aged 50 and over (p = 0.02).
Conclusion: in this study, it was observed that both age and gender influence on medication swallowing, a difficulty more frequent among women and young adults. Some degree of difficulty was reported by 17% of the volunteers.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: avaliar a dificuldade para engolir medicamentos e correlacioná-la com a idade e o sexo em adultos e idosos saudáveis.
Métodos: um total de 439 voluntários assintomáticos saudáveis (270 mulheres e 169 homens), que não faziam uso regular de medicamentos, com idade entre 20 e 84 anos, foram questionados quanto à disfagia, utilizando-se o Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). A questão de número cinco do EAT-10, especificamente, abordou a dificuldade para engolir medicamentos, considerando zero como "nenhum problema para engolir" e 1 a 4 como "algum grau de dificuldade" (sendo 4 grande dificuldade). O teste qui-quadrado (x2) foi utilizado para a análise estatística.
Resultados: um total de 365 (83%) voluntários relataram não ter dificuldade para engolir medicamentos (89% dos homens e 80% das mulheres), enquanto 74 (17%) relataram algum grau de dificuldade (11% dos homens e 20% das mulheres) (p = 0,01). Estes representaram 20% dos indivíduos entre 20 e 49 anos e 9% daqueles com 50 anos ou mais (p = 0,02).
Conclusão: neste estudo, observou-se que tanto a idade como o sexo influenciam na deglutição de medicamentos, sendo uma dificuldade mais frequente entre as mulheres e os adultos jovens. Algum grau de dificuldade foi relatado por 17% dos voluntários.
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Referencias
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Submitted date:
28/02/2019
Accepted date:
05/09/2019
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