Occurrence of phonological errors according to severity in children with speech sound disorder
Ocorrência de erros fonológicos de acordo com a gravidade em crianças com transtorno fonológico
Haydée Fiszbein Wertzner; Perla Isabel dos Santos; Luciana de Oliveira Pagan-Neves
Abstract
Purpose: to describe and quantify speech errors in children with speech sound disorder according to severity calculated by the indexes percentage of consonants correct revised and process density index and also to determine whether children with different degrees of severity differ in the predominant error observed during speech production.
Methods: speech samples of 21 children aged between 5;2 and 7;11 years- old with speech sound disorder were analyzed. Absolute indexes of substitution, omission and distortion, percentage of consonants correct revised and process density index were calculated based on two phonology tasks (picture naming and imitation of words).
Results: there were differences in the predominant type of error in speech indicating that substitution was the most occurring type of error. Substitution was the most frequent type of error for the most severe children while for the less severe ones the study did not indicate a prevalent type of error. The analysis of the total sample the correlation analysis indicated that the higher the occurrence of substitution less the number of distortion.
Conclusion: in general terms substitution was the most frequent type of error. Equivalence of the type of errors was observed for the less severe children while substitution was the most frequent type of error for the more sever group of children. Absolute indexes were effective and efficient to indicate the most frequent type of error according to the severity of the disorder.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: descrever e quantificar os erros de fala de crianças com transtorno fonológico de acordo com seu desempenho no índice porcentagem de consoantes corretas-revisado e process density index, além de determinar se as crianças com diferentes graus de gravidade diferem quanto ao erro articulatório predominante na fala.
Métodos: foram analisadas as amostras de fala de 21 crianças com transtorno fonológico de ambos os gêneros, com idades entre 5;2 e 7;11 anos. A partir de duas provas de fonologia (nomeação de figuras e imitação de palavras) foram calculados os índices absolutos de substituição, omissão e distorção, a porcentagem de consoantes corretas-revisado e o process density index.
Resultados: houve diferenças quanto ao tipo de erro predominante na fala indicando que a substituição foi o tipo de erro mais ocorrente. Para as crianças com maior gravidade a substituição foi o tipo de erro de fala predominante e, para aquelas com grau menor gravidade, observou-se ocorrência semelhante dos diferentes tipos de erros. Na análise da amostra total as correlações apontaram que quanto maior a ocorrência de substituição menor o número de distorção.
Conclusão: de forma geral, a substituição foi o tipo de erro mais ocorrente. As crianças menos graves apresentaram equivalência entre os tipos de erros e as mais graves, maior ocorrência de substituições. Os índices absolutos foram efetivos e eficientes para indicar o tipo de erro mais frequente em função da gravidade do transtorno.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
10/09/2012
Aceito em:
16/05/2013
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