Alzheimer's disease: cognition and picture-based narrative discourse
Doença de Alzheimer: cognição e discurso narrativo com apoio em figuras
Tatiane Machado Lima; Lenisa Brandão; Maria Alice de Mattos Pimenta Parente; Jordi Peña-Casanova
Abstract
Purpose: to investigate discourse in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a picture narrative task; to examine possible difficulties in the expression of knowledge and the relationship between discourse and cognition.
Methods: the design of the study was transversal, using quantitative comparison of groups. The clinical sample consisted of eighteen subjects with AD, eight of them with moderate cognitive decline (GDS 4) and ten with moderate- severe cognitive decline (GDS 5); the control group consisted of sixteen subjects without neurological or psychiatric disorders. All were matched for gender, native language, age and education and subjects underwent cognitive assessments. The discourse task consisted of a picture narrative of the tale "Little Red Riding Hood."
Results: participants with AD had lower overall coherence scores and more difficulties in the expression of knowledge than subjects without AD. Discourse deficits correlated with performance on cognitive measures. The GDS 4 and GDS 5 groups differed in local coherence scores.
Conclusion: discourse of subjects with AD was characterized by failure in coherence and informativeness, which related strongly with their cognitive deficits.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: investigar as características discursivas de pessoas com Doença de Alzheimer (DA) nos estágios moderado e moderado-grave por meio de uma tarefa com apoio em figuras; examinar possíveis falhas na expressão do conhecimento e a relação entre o discurso e a cognição.
Métodos: trata-se de um estudo com delineamento transversal, quantitativo, utilizando-se da análise de comparação de grupos. A amostra do grupo clínico foi constituída por dezoito participantes com DA (oito sujeitos com declínio cognitivo moderado (GDS 4), e dez com declínio cognitivo moderado-grave (GDS 5); o grupo controle foi composto de dezesseis sujeitos sem distúrbios neurológicos ou psiquiátricos. Todos sujeitos foram pareados quanto ao gênero, língua materna, idade e escolaridade e todos submetidos a avaliações de habilidades cognitivas. A tarefa discursiva consistiu na narrativa baseada em uma sequência de figuras do conto "Chapeuzinho Vermelho".
Resultados: os sujeitos com DA apresentaram escores de coerência global mais baixos, bem como mais falhas na expressão de conhecimento do que sujeitos sem DA e suas características discursivas correlacionaram-se com suas habilidades cognitivas. Os grupos GDS 4 e GDS 5 diferiram com relação à coerência local.
Conclusão: o discurso dos participantes com DA caracteriza-se por falhas de coerência e informatividade que apresentam relações estreitas com seus déficits cognitivos.
Palavras-chave
Referências
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Submetido em:
24/04/2013
Aceito em:
08/07/2013
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