The use of cryotherapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders
O uso da crioterapia no tratamento das disfunções temporomandibulares
Renata Maria Moreira Moraes Furlan
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to perform an integrative review of scientific bibliographic production on the use of cryotherapy on temporomandibular disorders treatment, highlighting the techniques, duration, body area stimulated and frequency of application. Literature review was accomplished on Medline, LILACS, SciELO, Cochrane Library and IBECS databases. The descriptors used were: Cryotherapy, Cold Temperature, Induced Hypothermia, Heat Transference, Temporomandibular Joint, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome and their equivalents in Portuguese and Spanish. Articles that addressed the cryotherapy for the treatment of temporomandibular disorders, published in English, Spanish or Portuguese, between 1980 and 2013, were included. The following data were collected: technique, duration of application, area stimulated and frequency of application. Initially, 34 studies were found, but just 13 contemplated the selection criteria proposed. Data were tabulated and presented in chronological order. The decrease of body heat can be conducted through application of cold compresses, cold bags or vapocoolant sprays applied to the painful areas, or trigger points regions, or in masticatory muscles. The average time of application of the stimulus was 10 to 15 minutes for cold bags and about 10 seconds for vapocoolant sprays, repeated approximately 2 to 4 times per day, preceding muscle stretching techniques. The literature has no consensus about the intensity of the thermal stimulus.
Keywords
Resumo
Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre a produção científica referente ao uso da crioterapia no tratamento das disfunções temporomandibulares, caracterizando as técnicas utilizadas, duração de aplicação da técnica, área estimulada e frequência de realização. Foi realizado um levantamento da literatura nas bases de dados Medline, LILACS, SciELO, Biblioteca Cochrane e IBECS. Os termos utilizados foram: crioterapia, temperatura baixa, transferência de calor, hipotermia induzida, articulação temporomandibular, transtornos da articulação temporomandibular, síndrome da disfunção da articulação temporomandibular e seus correspondentes em inglês e espanhol. Foram incluídos artigos que abordaram a crioterapia no tratamento das disfunções temporomandibulares, publicados em inglês, espanhol ou português, no período de 1980 a 2013. Foram considerados: técnica de aplicação, duração de aplicação, área corporal e frequência de realização. Inicialmente foram encontrados 34 estudos, dos quais 13 contemplaram os critérios de seleção propostos. Os dados foram tabulados e apresentados em ordem cronológica. A retirada do calor corporal pode ser realizada por meio da aplicação de compressas frias, bolsas com agentes frios ou aerossóis refrigerantes, aplicados sobre as áreas dolorosas, sobre regiões musculares com "trigger points", ou sobre músculos mastigatórios. O tempo médio de aplicação do estímulo variou de 10 a 15 minutos para as bolsas com agentes frios e cerca de 10 segundos no caso do spray refrigerante, repetindo-se cerca de 2 a 4 vezes por dia, precedendo as técnicas de alongamento muscular. A literatura não apresenta um consenso quanto à intensidade do estímulo térmico.
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Referencias
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Submitted date:
06/03/2014
Accepted date:
27/07/2014
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