Ototoxicity of hydrocarbons present in gasoline: a literature review
Ototoxidade dos hidrocarbonetos presentes na gasolina: uma revisão de literatura
Thais Fernandes da Silva; Daniela del Rosário Flores Rodrigues; Gilvânia Barreto Feitosa Coutinho; Manuella Soares; Márcia Soalheiro de Almeida; Paula de Novaes Sarcinelli; Rita de Cássia Oliveira da Costa Mattos; Ariane Leites Larentis; Giselle Goulart de Oliveira Matos
Abstract
Purpose: to investigate the toxicity effects of major hydrocarbons present in gasoline on the auditory system and the related mechanisms of action.
Methods: a literature review between 2005 and 2015 was conducted using LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO, by combining descriptors and their respective terms in Portuguese, English and Spanish.
Results: studies performed in humans and animals with hearing impairment, confirmed by morphological tests in rats, the influence of factors such as dose, duration, species and type of stimulus in hearing loss, and ineffective protection of workers by the threshold levels of exposure in the mixture of the compounds, were chosen.
Conclusion: toluene is regarded as an ototoxic compound that damages outer hair cells in the middle region of the cochlea, with evidence of interaction with noise. Ethylbenzene and xylenes can be considered potentially ototoxic based on the results of animal studies. No sufficient data were found on benzene to form a conclusion.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: investigar os efeitos tóxicos dos principais hidrocarbonetos presentes na gasolina sobre o sistema auditivo e os respectivos mecanismos de ação.
Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão da literatura entre 2005 e 2015 nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e SciELO, com a combinação dos descritores e respectivos termos em português, inglês e espanhol.
Resultados: foram selecionados estudos realizados em humanos e em animais com prejuízos auditivos, confirmados por exames morfológicos em ratos; a influência de fatores como dose, duração, espécie e tipo de estímulo na perda auditiva; e a ineficiente proteção aos trabalhadores pelos limites de exposição na mistura dos compostos.
Conclusão: o tolueno é considerado ototóxico, que lesa as células ciliadas externas em região média da cóclea, com evidências de interação com ruído; o etilbenzeno e os xilenos podem ser considerados potencialmente ototóxicos pelos resultados de estudos com animais. Sobre o benzeno, não foram encontrados dados suficientes para se chegar a uma conclusão.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
11/08/2017
Aceito em:
21/11/2017
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