Self-perception of health and social determinants in high school adolescents
Autopercepção de saúde e determinantes sociais em adolescentes matriculados no ensino médio
Stela Maris Aguiar Lemos; Poliana Cristina Rocha; Angel Martínez-Hernaéz
Abstract
Purpose: to verify the association between self-perception of health, gender, age, economic status, quality of life, cultural aspects and contexts of violence in high school adolescents.
Methods: an observational analytical cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample composed of 386 high school students aged 15-19 years. The data collection was made in 16 public schools. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate data analyses were made. Models with hierarchical entry of the blocks according to the level of determination established in the theoretical model were built, and for the evaluation of associations in the logistic regression models, the significance level of 5% was considered. The Odds Ratio and its respective confidence interval of 95% were used as a measure of the magnitude of the associations.
Results: the data revealed that more than two-thirds of the participants reported a positive self-perception of health and, in the hierarchical multiple logistic regression model, to have own house, to practice any religion, and the quality of life remained associated with positive Self-perception of health.
Conclusion: having their own house, practicing a given religion and having a better quality of life increased the chances of a positive self-perception of health.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: verificar a associação entre a autopercepção em saúde com determinantes sociais demográficos, culturais, contexto de violência e autopercepção de qualidade de vida de adolescentes matriculados no ensino médio.
Métodos: estudo observacional analítico transversal com amostra probabilística composta por 386 estudantes de ensino médio, na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos, matriculados em 16 escolas públicas. Foram realizadas as análises de dados descritiva, bivariada e multivariada. Foram construídos modelos com entrada hierárquica dos blocos segundo o nível de determinação estabelecido no modelo teórico e para avaliação das associações nos modelos de regressão logística foi considerado o nível de significância de 5%. Como medida de magnitude das associações foi utilizado o Odds Ratio e seu respectivo intervalo de confiança de 95%.
Resultados: os dados revelaram que mais de dois terços dos participantes referiram autopercepção de saúde positiva e no modelo de regressão logística múltipla hierarquizada permaneceram associadas à Autopercepção de saúde positiva ter moradia própria, praticar alguma religião e qualidade de vida.
Conclusão: o fato de o participante ter moradia própria, praticar alguma religião e referir melhor qualidade de vida aumentou as chances de ter autopercepção de saúde positiva.
Palavras-chave
Referências
1. Noronha MI, Rodrigues MA. Saúde e bem-estar de crianças em idade escolar. Esc Anna Nery. 2011;15(2):395-401.
2. Sousa TF, Silva KS, Garcia LMT, Del Duca GF, Oliveira ESA, Nahas MV. Autoavaliação de saúde e fatores associados em adolescentes do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2010;28(4):333-9.
3. Soares AHR, Martins AJ, Lopes MCB, Britto JAA, Oliveira CQ, Moreira MCN. Qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes: uma revisão bibliográfica. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2011;16(7):3197-206.
4. Felden EPG, Caumann GS, Sacomori C, Daronco LSE, Cardoso FL, Pelegrini A. Sociodemographic factors and body image among high school students. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2015;20(11):3329-37.
5. Silveira MF, Freire RS, Nepomuceno MO, Martins AMEBL, Marcopito LF. Tooth decay and associated factors among adolescents in the north of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil: a hierarchical analysis. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2015;20(11):3351-64.
6. Videra-García A, Reigal-Garrido R. Autoconcepto físico, percepción de salud y satisfacción vital en una muestra de adolescentes. Anal Psicol. 2013;29(1):141-7.
7. Pietiläinen O, Laaksonen M, Rahkonen O, Lahelma E. Self-rated health as a predictor of disability retirement – the contribution of ill-health and working conditions. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(9):e25004-11.
8. Louvison MCP, Lebrão ML, Duarte YAO, Santos JLF, Malik AM, Almeida ES. Inequalities in access to health care services and utilization for the elderly in São Paulo, Brazil. Rev Saúde Pública. 2008;42(4):733-40.
9. Miilunpalo S, Vuori I, Oja P, Pasanen M, Urponen H. Self-rated health status as a health measure: the predictive value of self-reported health status on the use of physician services and on mortality in the working-age population. J Clin Epidemiol. 1997;50(5):517-28.
10. Lucumí DI, Grogan-Kaylor A, Espinosa-García G. Asociación de la posición socioeconómica y la percepción del ambiente con la autopercepción del estado de salud en mujeres de Bogotá, Colombia. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2013;34(1):14-20.
11. Etxaniz IE. Desarrollo del autoconcepto durante la adolescencia y principio de la juventud. Revista de psicología general y aplicada. 2005;58(2):265-77.
12. Esnaola I, Goñi A, Madariaga JM. El autoconcepto: perspectivas de investigación. Rev psicodidáct. 2008;13(1):179-94.
13. ABEP: Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa [homepage on the Internet]. Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil [cited 2017 Jun 9]. Available from: http//www.abep.org/criterio-brasil.
14. Klatchoian DA, Len CA, Terreri MTRA, Silva M, Itamoto C, Ciconelli RM et al. Quality of life of children and adolescents from São Paulo: reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory TM version 4.0 Generic Core Scales. J Pediatr. 2008;84(4):308-15.
15. Lima L, Guerra MP, Lemos MS. Adaptação da escala genérica do inventário Pediátrico de Qualidade de Vida – Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 – PedsQL, a uma população portuguesa. Rev Port Saúde Pública. 2009;8(1):83-95.
16. McCrindle BW, Zak V, Pemberton VL, Lambert LM, Vetter VL, Lai WW et al. Functional health status in children and adolescents after Fontan: comparison of generic and disease-specific assessments. Cardiol Young. 2014;24(3):469-77.
17. Homlong L, Rosvold EO, Bruusgaard D, Lien L, Sagatun Å, Haavet OR. A prospective population-based study of health complaints in adolescence and use of social welfare benefits in young adulthood. Scand J Public Health. 2015;43(6):629-37.
18. Wiklund M, Malmgren-Olsson EB, Öhman A, Bergstrom E, Fjellman-Wiklund A. Subjective health complaints in older adolescents are related to perceived stress, anxiety and gender – a cross-sectional school study in Northern Sweden. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):993-1006.
19. Afridi AAK, Motwani K, Khawaja S, Khoja AA, Fatmi Z, Azam I et al. Self-perceived health among school going adolescents in Pakistan: influence of individual, parental and life style factors? Glob J Health Sci. 2013;5(4):71-8.
20. Breidablik HJ, Meland E, Lydersen S. Self-rated health in adolescence: a multifactorial composite. Scand J Public Health. 2008;36(1):12-20.
21. Reichert FF, Loch MR, Capilheira MF. Autopercepção de saúde em adolescentes, adultos e idosos. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2012;17(12):3353-62.
22. Pattussi MP, Lalloo R, Bassani DG, Olinto MT. The role of psychosocial, behavioural and emotional factors on self-reported major injuries in Brazilian adolescents: a case-control study. Injury. 2008;39(5):561-9.
23. Moreira TMM, Santiago JCS, Alencar GP. Self-perceived health and clinical characteristics in young adult students from the brazilian northeast. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2014;48(5):794-803.
24. Hansen E, Sund E, Knudtsen MS, Krokstad S, Holmen TL. Cultural activity participation and associations with self-perceived health, life-satisfaction and mental health: the Young HUNT Study, Norway. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1):544-52.
25. Guedes DP, Astudillo HAV, Morales JMM, del Campo Vecino J, Pires Júnior R. Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de adolescentes latinoamericanos. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2014;35(1):46-52.
26. Novak D, Suzuki E, Kawachi I. Are family, neighbourhood and school social capital associated with higher self-rated health among Croatian high school students? A population-based study. BMJ Open. 2015;5(1):e007184-93.
27. Meireles AL, Xavier CC, Andrade ACS, Proietti FA, Caiaffa WT. Self-rated health among urban adolescents: the roles of age, gender, and their associated factors. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(7):e0132254-68.
Submetido em:
02/01/2018
Aceito em:
30/08/2018
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
Email