Atitudes frente às próteses auditivas
Attitudes towards hearing aids
Bárbara Guimarães Bastos; Raquel Beltrão Amorim; Deborah Viviane Ferrari
Resumo
Objetivos: avaliar as atitudes frente à deficiência auditiva e o aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) em candidatos e usuários destes dispositivos. Verificar se existe relação entre tais atitudes e os dados demográficos, audiométricos e características do AASI.
Métodos: 63 indivíduos (35 homens e 28 mulheres, idade média de 64,3 anos) com deficiência auditiva neurossensorial bilateral de diferentes graus, candidatos e usuários de AASI responderam o "Questionário de Atitudes Frente à Deficiência Auditiva" (ALHQ v3.0). Foi analisada a distribuição da pontuação das subescalas do ALHQ e realizada a correlação entre estas e os dados demográficos, audiológicos e da adaptação do AASI dos participantes. Foram também realizadas comparações da pontuação do ALHQ entre os grupos de candidatos e usuários, entre homens e mulheres.
Resultados: não houve distribuição normal das respostas nas subescalas do ALHQ. Não houve correlações entre a pontuação do ALHQ com os dados demográficos e audiológicos. Foram verificadas correlações fracas e significativas entre as subescalas do questionário: "estratégias negativas" e "estima" (rho=-0,39), "negação" e "estima" (rho=-0,27), "estratégias negativas" e "associações negativas" (rho=0,25) e "negação" e "estratégias negativas" (rho=-0,30). Houve diferença significativa nas subescalas estratégias negativas (p=0,02) e associações negativas (p=0,00) entre o grupo de candidatos e usuários. Não houve diferença na pontuação entre homens e mulheres.
Conclusão: a existência de atitudes negativas frente à deficiência auditiva e ao uso do AASI reforça a necessidade do aconselhamento de ajuste pessoal incluído no processo de adaptação do AASI em adultos e idosos. É necessário validar o questionário traduzido para o português brasileiro.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Purpose: to evaluate the attitudes towards hearing loss and hearing aids in a group of hearing aid candidates and users. To verify if attitudes are related to demographical and audiometric data as well as hearing aid characteristics.
Methods: 63 participants (35 men and 28 women, mean age 64.3 years) with bilateral sensorineural hearing losses of different degrees, hearing aid candidates or users answered the "Attitudes Towards Hearing Loss Questionnaire" (ALHQ v3.0). The ALHQ scores distribution was analyzed. The correlation between ALHQ scores and demographical and audiological data as well as the hearing aid fitting characteristics were obtained. The ALHQ scores were also compared between groups of hearing aid candidates and users as well as among men and women.
Results: ALHQ subscale responses did not follow normal distribution. No correlation was found among demographical data, mean hearing thresholds and ALHQ scores. There were weak but significant correlations between the subscales: "negative coping strategies" and "hearing-related esteem" (rho = -0.39), "denial" and "hearing related esteem" (rho = -0.27), "negative coping strategies" and "negative associations" (rho = 0.25) and "denial" and "negative coping strategies" (rho = -0.30). A statistical difference was found for "negative coping strategies" and "negative associations" subscales between hearing aid candidates and users. No statistical difference was found for ALHQ scores among men and women.
Conclusion: the existence of negative attitudes towards hearing loss and hearing aids reinforces the need for personal adjustment counseling. It is necessary to validate the ALHQ questionnaire translated into Brazilian Portuguese.
Keywords
Referencias
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Submitted date:
21/08/2009
Accepted date:
12/09/2009
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